Understanding differences by sex requires separating what is known about vaping from assumptions that are often made about these products. Recent U.S. data show a mixed picture: youth e-cigarette use has fallen substantially from earlier levels, while e-cigarettes remain the most commonly used tobacco product among youth and adult use continues to be significant. In 2024, 5.9% of U.S. middle and high school students reported current e-cigarette use. CDC also reported that adult use rose from 4.5% in 2019 to 6.5% in 2023. These figures illustrate why vaping policy cannot be summarized simply as either a growing or declining phenomenon. Different age groups and different patterns of use can move in different directions at the same time. A careful discussion should distinguish federal rules from state and local requirements and should distinguish established findings from questions that remain under study.
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